Rendimento do coentro (Coriandrum sativum L) adubado com esterco bovino em diferentes doses e tempos de incorporação no solo / Yield of the coriander [Coriandrum sativum (L)] fertilized with manure at different doses and incorporation times in the soil

RESUMO O uso de esterco bovino é de suma importância para os agricultores familiares que produzem coentro na região de Mossoró-RN, pois esse insumo é amplamente disponível e utilizado pelos agricultores. Objetivando-se avaliar o Rendimento do coentro fertilizado com esterco bovino em diferentes doses e tempos de incorporação ao solo foi conduzido um experimento no período de setembro a novembro de 2011, na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Brasil. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de quatro doses de esterco bovino incorporadas ao solo: 15,0; 30,0; 45,0 e 60,0 t ha-1 em base seca, com quatro tempos de incorporação: 28; 49; 64 e 80 dias antes da semeadura do coentro - DAS, mais um tratamento controle (ausência de adubação). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos completos casualizados com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 + 1 com 3 repetições. A cultivar de coentro utilizado foi a Verdão e as variáveis determinadas foram altura e número de hastes por planta e rendimento de coentro. O coentro respondeu à aplicação de esterco bovino, produzindo rendimentos máximos de 6453 e 6349 kg ha-1 de massa verde, com a dose de 60 t ha-1 e aos quarenta e seis dias de incorporação antes da semeadura, respectivamente.

ABSTRACT The use of manure is very important to family farmers who produce coriander in the region of Mossoró-RN, because this input is widely available and used by farmers. Aiming to evaluate the yield of the coriander fertilized with manure at different doses and incorporation times in the soil, a trial was conducted from September to November 2011, at the Experimental Farm Rafael Fernandes in the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, Brazil. The treatments consisted on the combination of four levels of manure incorporated into the soil: 15.0; 30.0; 45.0 and 60.0 t ha-1 at dry basis, with four incorporation times: 28; 49; 64 and 80 days before the coriander"s sowing - DAS, plus a control treatment (without fertilization). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 + 1, with three replications. The coriander planted was the "Verdão" and the specific variables were height and number of stalks per plant and yield of the coriander. The coriander responded to the application of the manure, producing maximum yields of 6453 and 6349 kg ha-1 of fresh mass, with the dose of 60 t ha-1 and at forty-six days of incorporation before the sowing, respectively.

Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de coentro [Coriandrum sativum (L. )] / Physiologic quality of cilantro seeds [Coriandrum sativum (L. )]

A qualidade das sementes esta relacionada de forma direta ao seu potencial fisiológico, representado pela germinação e/ou vigor, expressando sua capacidade de originar plântulas normais. O objetivo do estudo foi a análise dos efeitos da temperatura e do tempo de exposição ao teste de envelhecimento acelerado sobre os parâmetros: germinação, germinação na primeira contagem, emergência, Índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento de parte aérea e massa seca. O ensaio foi conduzido no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. As sementes foram submetidas à dois métodos de envelhecimento acelerado: o tradicional com água destilada e outro com solução saturada de 40 g NaCl 100 mL-1 de água, em duas temperaturas (38 ºC e 41 ºC) e em três períodos de exposição (48, 72 e 96 horas). Melhor se pode verificar o potencial fisiológico das sementes de coentro, quando submetido às condições estressantes: na temperatura de 41 °C com o período de exposição de 96 h (Teste envelhecimento acelerado tradicional) e na temperatura de 41 ºC com período de exposição de 48 h (com solução saturada). Os testes de germinação e primeira contagem evidenciaram diferenças na qualidade fisiológica inicial das sementes em função dos tratamentos aplicados.

The quality quality of the seeds this related of direct form to it physiologic potential, acted by the germination and/or energy, expressing it capacity to originate normal plantules. The objective of the study was the analysis of the effects of the temperature and of the time of exhibition to the test of accelerated aging on the parameters: germination, germination in the first counting, emergency, Index of emergency speed, length of aerial part and mass dries. The rehearsal was driven in the delineamento entirely casualizado, with four repetitions. The seeds were submitted to two methods of accelerated aging: the traditional with distilled water and other with saturated solution of 40 g NaCl 100 mL-1 of water, in two temperatures (38 ºC and 41 ºC) and in three exhibition periods (48, 72 and 96 hours). Better the physiologic potential of the cilantro seeds can be verified, when submitted to the stressful conditions: in the temperature of 41 °C with the period of exhibition of 96 h (it Tests traditional aging) and in the temperature of 41 °C with period of exhibition of 48 h (with saturated solution). The germination tests and first counting evidenced differences in the quality physiologic initial of the seeds in function of the applied treatments.

Eficácia dos coadjuvantes de higiene bucal utilizados na alimentação de cães / Effectiveness of buccal hygiene coadjutant used in the dogs feeding

Avaliou-se a utilização de coadjuvantes na diminuição da placa bacteriana e formação do cálculo dentário em 16 cães. O delineamento experimental foi casualizado com quatro tratamentos (T) e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1- controle, T2- coadjuvante com ação mecânica, T3- coadjuvante com tripolifosfato de sódio e T4- coadjuvante com hexametafosfato de sódio. Após sete dias de adaptação, no dia anterior ao início dos tratamentos, os animais foram submetidos à remoção de cálculo dentário. O experimento teve duração de 21 dias e ao final realizaram-se as medições das placas bacterianas formadas com o uso de marcadores (fucsina). O coadjuvante somente com ação mecânica não foi efetivo em retardar o aparecimento da placa bacteriana. Os coadjuvantes com polifosfatos apresentaram uma ação efetiva e significativa na diminuição da formação do calculo dentário

The use of coadjutants in the decrease of the bacterial plate and formation of the dental calculus was evaluated in 16 dogs. The experimental design was randomized with four treatments (T) and four repetitions. The treatments were the following: 1- control; 2- coadjutant 1 (one) with mechanical action; 3- coadjutant 2 (two) with tripolyphosphate of sodium and 4- coadjutant 3 (three) with hexametaphosphate of sodium. After seven days of adaptation, on the day previous to the beginning of the treatments, the animals were submitted to the removal of dental calculus and after twenty-one days of treatment a measurement of the bacterial plaque formed through the use of markers (fucsin). The coadjutant only with mechanical action was not effective in delaying the appearance of the bacterial plaque. The coadjutant containing polyphosphates presented an effective and significant action decreasing the formation of the dental calculus

Functional expression of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in mouse abdominal aorta

Previous studies have shown that the vascular reactivity of the mouse aorta differs substantially from that of the rat aorta in response to several agonists such as angiotensin II, endothelin-1 and isoproterenol. However, no information is available about the agonists bradykinin (BK) and DesArg9BK (DBK). Our aim was to determine the potential expression of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in the abdominal mouse aorta isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Contraction and relaxation responses to BK and DBK were investigated using isometric recordings. The kinins were unable to induce relaxation but concentration-contraction response curves were obtained by applying increasing concentrations of the agonists BK and DBK. These effects were blocked by the antagonists Icatibant and R-715, respectively. The potency (pD2) calculated from the curves was 7.0 ± 0.1 for BK and 7.3 ± 0.2 for DBK. The efficacy was 51 ± 2 percent for BK and 30 ± 1 percent for DBK when compared to 1 æM norepinephrine. The concentration-dependent responses of BK and DBK were markedly inhibited by the arachidonic acid inhibitor indomethacin (1 æM), suggesting a mediation by the cyclooxygenase pathway. These contractile responses were not potentiated in the presence of the NOS inhibitor L-NAME (1 mM) or endothelium-denuded aorta, indicating that the NO pathway is not involved. We conclude that the mouse aorta constitutively contains B1 and B2 subtypes of kinin receptors and that stimulation with BK and DBK induces contractile effect mediated by endothelium-independent vasoconstrictor prostanoids.

Ligand-induced endocytosis and nuclear localization of angiotensin II receptors expressed in CHO cells

A construct (AT1R-NF) containing a "Flag" sequence added to the N-terminus of the rat AT1 receptor was stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and quantified in the cell membrane by confocal microscopy after reaction with a fluorescein-labeled anti-Flag monoclonal antibody. Angiotensin II bound to AT1R-NF and induced endocytosis with a half-time of 2 min. After 60-90 min, fluorescence accumulated around the cell nucleus, suggesting migration of the ligand-receptor complex to the nuclear membrane. Angiotensin antagonists also induced endocytosis, suggesting that a common step in the transduction signal mechanism occurring after ligand binding may be responsible for the ligand-receptor complex internalization